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数据分析与知识发现  2017, Vol. 1 Issue (5): 2-11     https://doi.org/10.11925/infotech.2096-3467.2017.05.02
  专题 本期目录 | 过刊浏览 | 高级检索 |
时间限制对步行导航信息行为的影响研究*
吴丹(), 李翼, 董晶
武汉大学信息管理学院 武汉 430072
Impacts of Time Constraint on Information Behaviors in Pedestrian Navigation
Wu Dan(), Li Yi, Dong Jing
School of Information Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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摘要 

目的】研究有无时间限制如何影响用户的步行导航行为和交互体验。【方法】采用用户实验法, 招募20名大学生并随机分成两组(时间限制组和非时间限制组)参与户外导航实验, 并完成两个不同类型的导航任务: 室外导航和室内导航任务。【结果】实验结果发现, 时间限制会产生时间压力, 但是对产生的时间压力的强度并没有显著性的影响; 当用户既不知道自己要去某地且不知某地的具体位置时, 时间限制对用户的任务完成时长、文本页面的停留时长和滑动次数有显著性影响; 当用户寻找一个不知道具体位置的地点时, 时间限制对用户的导航行为没有显著性影响; 室内导航中, 时间限制对用户的缩放次数和上滑次数有显著性影响。【局限】实验用户规模较小。【结论】时间限制影响用户的导航行为, 当时间限制时, 用户会通过减少屏幕操作次数从而加快到达目的地。

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吴丹
李翼
董晶
关键词 时间限制时间压力步行导航用户信息行为    
Abstract

[Objective] This paper investigates the impacts of time constraint on users’ information behaviors in pedestrian navigation and their interaction experiences. [Methods] We recruited 20 college students and randomly divided them into two groups (with and without time constraint) for the pedestrian navigation experiment. These participants completed two different types of tasks: Outdoor and Indoor Pedestrian Navigations. [Results] We found that time constraint induced some feeling of stress. However, there was no significant difference among the strength of time pressure. Once the users did not know their destination and its exact location, the time constraint posed significant impacts to task duration, time spent on text page and the number of slides on the screen. When users knew their destination but did not know its specific location, the time constraint has no significant impact on users’ information behaviors. For indoor navigation, users’ zooming and sliding activities were significantly influenced by time constraint. [Limitations] The number of participants in our experiment is small. [Conclusions] Time constraint affects the information behaviors of pedestrian navigation system users. With time constraint, they could reach the destination quickly by reducing screen operations.

Key wordsTime Constraint    Time Pressure    Pedestrian Navigation    User Information Behavior
收稿日期: 2017-02-07      出版日期: 2017-06-06
ZTFLH:  G250  
基金资助:*本文系武汉大学自主科研项目(人文社会科学)“人机交互与协作创新团队”(项目编号: Whu2016020)的研究成果之一
引用本文:   
吴丹, 李翼, 董晶. 时间限制对步行导航信息行为的影响研究*[J]. 数据分析与知识发现, 2017, 1(5): 2-11.
Wu Dan,Li Yi,Dong Jing. Impacts of Time Constraint on Information Behaviors in Pedestrian Navigation. Data Analysis and Knowledge Discovery, 2017, 1(5): 2-11.
链接本文:  
https://manu44.magtech.com.cn/Jwk_infotech_wk3/CN/10.11925/infotech.2096-3467.2017.05.02      或      https://manu44.magtech.com.cn/Jwk_infotech_wk3/CN/Y2017/V1/I5/2
OPN1 OPN2 IPN
TC NTC TC NTC TC NTC
时间
压力
2.6(1.11) 2.4(0.66) 2.2(1.08) 2.3(0.78) 2.2(0.98) 2.4(1.02)
U=45, P=0.692 U=47.5, P=0.840 U=46.5, P=0.779
任务
难度
2(0.89) 2.3(1.1) 2.4(1.02) 1.7(0.64) 1.9(1.22) 1.9(0.7)
U=42.5, P=0.540 U=30, P=0.112 U=43.5, P=0.600
任务
满意度
3.3(1.19) 3.3(1.19) 4(1) 3.9(1.04) 4.2(0.75) 3.7(0.78)
U=50, P=1 U=47.5, P=0.841 U=46.5, P=0.779
  有无时间限制对用户感受时间压力、任务难度、满意度的影响
OPN1 OPN2 IPN
TC NTC TC NTC TC NTC
任务时长 1065.4(369.04) 1438.9(300.54) 1041.3(340.98) 1001.7(262.59) 333.3(182.58) 350.1(211.59)
U=24, P=0.049* U=49, P=0.940 U=48.5, P=0.910
搜索时长 19.5(27.29) 13.5(16.48) 34.3(33.69) 31.2(13.43) 19.6(25.61) 27.8(21.3)
U=48, P=0.874 U=35, P=0.256 U=36.5, P=0.304
导航时长 585.8(380.42) 732(601.49) 797.2(399.95) 684.2(374.81) 183.9(160.48) 174.3(154.22)
U=46, P=0.762 U=46.5, P=0.791 U=47.5, P=0.849
地图操作
次数
29.5(14.02) 48.8(41.38) 15.4(8.43) 17.6(11.28) 20.7(13.01) 21.1(14.83)
U=21, P=0.028 U=44.5, P=0.677 U=49.5, P=0.970
地图页面
停留时长
620.8(362.69) 987.1(581.41) 828.2(347.61) 783.1(321.97) 285.8(179.03) 214.9(132.15)
U=29, P=0.112 U=49, P=0.940 U=40.5, P=0.473
文本页面
停留时长
81.7(56.42) 164.3(75.42) 12.5(26.86) 2.5(4.84) 15.1(20.44) 25.2(39.55)
U=19.5, P=0.021* U=43, P=0.534 U=47, P=0.818
  有无时间限制对时长、地图操作、停留时长的影响
OPN1 OPN2 IPN
TC NTC TC NTC TC NTC
点击次数 16.2(9.78) 16.1(6.95) 5.4(3.14) 4(2.24) 4.6(6.68) 3.8(2.99)
U=47.5, P=0.850 U=37, P=0.320 U=31.5, P=0.149
滑动次数 10.8(6.21) 27.3(10.86) 7.9(8.2) 8.4(7.46) 7.8(6.48) 13.8(12.92)
U=7, P=0.001* U=45.5, P=0.733 U=37.5, P=0.344
缩放次数 2.5(2.87) 5.4(6.33) 2.1(2.34) 5.2(4.79) 8.3(6.57) 3.5(2.62)
U=40, P=0.443 U=28.5, P=0.100 U=22.5, P=0.037*
  有无时间限制对地图操作次数的影响
OPN1 OPN2 IPN
TC NTC TC NTC TC NTC
上滑 4.7(2.37) 14.8(6.76) 1.7(2.05) 2.2(2.52) 1.3(1) 7.8(9.58)
U=9.5, P=0.002* U=46.5, P=0.784 U=20, P=0.021*
下滑 3.3(3.72) 5.6(3.5) 1.4(1.96) 0.8(1.4) 1.3(2) 2(1.84)
U=29.5, P=0.118 U=44, P=0.594 U=37.5, P=0.327
左滑 1.9(2.43) 2.9(4.41) 3.3(4.41) 3.4(3.53) 3.6(3.35) 2.3(3.07)
U=47.5, P=0.842 U=50, P=1.000 U=36, P=0.274
右滑 0.9(1.81) 4(6.57) 1.5(2.38) 2(1.95) 1.6(2.65) 1.7(2.41)
U=27.5, P=0.068 U=38, P=0.340 U=46.5, P=0.780
  有无时间限制对地图滑动次数的影响
OPN1 OPN2 IPN
TC NTC TC NTC TC NTC
放大 1(1.26) 3.9(4.76) 1.5(1.8) 3.8(3.34) 6(4.22) 2.7(2.19)
U=40, P=0.443 U=28.5, P=0.098 U=20.5, P=0.024*
缩小 1.5(2.06) 1.5(1.91) 0.6(0.66) 1.4(1.8) 2.3(2.79) 0.8(0.98)
U=50, P=1.00 U=39.5, P=0.394 U=36.5, P=0.282
  有无时间限制对地图缩放次数的影响
OPN1 OPN2 IPN
TC NTC TC NTC TC NTC
标志物数量 0.9(0.94) 1.6(1.28) 5.4(3.14) 4(2.24) 4.6(6.68) 3.8(2.99)
U=35, P=0.225 U=32, P=0.165 U=45, P=0.669
标志物明显程度 3.6(0.8) 3.9(0.7) 3.7(0.78) 3.5(0.67) 3.9(0.94) 3.5(0.67)
U=41, P=0.460 U=42.5, P=0.518 U=36.5, P=0.270
  有无时间限制对用户环境感知的影响
OPN1 OPN2 IPN
TC NTC TC NTC TC NTC
难度 0.30 -0.30 0.56 0.38 0.43 0.20
满意度 -0.67* 0.61 -0.65* -0.58 -0.60 -0.10
  时间压力与任务难度、满意度的相关关系
OPN1 OPN2 IPN
TC NTC TC NTC TC NTC
任务时长 0.46 -0.41 0.17 0.50 0.37 0.41
搜索时长 -0.17 0.44 -0.33 -0.22 0.43 -0.06
导航时长 0.35 -0.53 0.40 0.47 0.52 0.40
  时间压力与任务时长、搜索时长、导航时长 的相关关系
OPN1 OPN2 IPN
TC NTC TC NTC TC NTC
点击次数 0.30 -0.16 -0.17 -0.11 0.33 -0.04
滑动次数 -0.33 -0.18 0.06 -0.05 0.18 -0.06
缩放次数 0.56 -0.56 -0.20 -0.18 -0.41 0.41
  时间压力与地图操作的相关关系
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