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数据分析与知识发现  2017, Vol. 1 Issue (7): 22-34     https://doi.org/10.11925/infotech.2096-3467.2017.07.04
  首届"数据分析与知识发现"学术研讨会专辑（I） 本期目录 | 过刊浏览 | 高级检索 |
国际公众科学领域演化路径与研究热点分析*
张轩慧, 赵宇翔()
南京理工大学经济管理学院 南京 210094
Evolution Path and Hot Topics of Citizen Science Studies
Zhang Xuanhui, Zhao Yuxiang()
School of Economics and Management, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
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摘要 

【目的】通过厘清国际公众科学领域的源流与研究现状, 为今后该领域的探索提供参考与借鉴。【文献范围】选取Web of Science (WOS)核心数据集作为文献数据来源, 以公众科学(Citizen Science)、群智科学(Crowd Science)等关键词以及项目名称进行主题检索, 共得到相关文献1 796篇。【方法】借助文献计量、社会网络、内容分析等方法, 结合可视化工具, 对公众科学研究的演化路径、研究热点及国际图书情报学科中公众科学主题的研究现状进行深入分析。【结果】结果表明, 随着互联网的发展和各类智能移动终端的普及, 群体智慧和开放科学范式受到高度关注, 基于群体参与及协作的公众科学研究正处于快速发展阶段。目前的研究热点可以归纳为三个层面, 即项目视角、理论方法视角以及参与者视角。此外, 尽管以往公众科学的研究主力集中在自然科学领域, 但在国际上图书情报学科对于公众科学方向的探索具有起点高、发力强等特点, 蕴含很大的发展潜力。【局限】仅使用WOS核心数据集作为数据来源, 没有包含领域会议论文, 故而数据存在偏差; 仅根据关键词进行主题演化分析, 没有以全文数据为分析样本。【结论】图书情报领域作为兼具资源管理优势与数据管理优势的传统学科, 势必将对公众科学的研究发挥重要作用。
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作者相关文章
张轩慧
赵宇翔
关键词 ： 公众科学,  文献计量,  演化路径,  研究热点,  图书情报    
Abstract：

[Objective] This paper investigates the origin and status quo of citizen science related studies abroad, aiming to promote the development of similar research in China. [Coverage] We retrieved 1 796 papers from the Web of Science (WOS) core collection, using the keywords “citizen science” or “crowd science”. [Methods] We employed the methods of bibliometrics, social network and content analysis, as well as visualization tools, to illustrate the evolution path of citizen science and the popular research topics. This paper also analyzed the citizen science research in Library and Information Science. [Results] We found that the crowd wisdom and open science paradigm were highly emphasized thanks to the development of the Internet and mobile technologies. Citizen science had been growing rapidly and included the following perspectives, project, theoretical and participant studies. Although the main focus of citizen science research was on natural science, the Library and Information Science had promising outcomes. [Limitations] We did not include conference papers and full text analysis in this study. [Conclusions] Library and Information Science could play an important role in the future study of citizen science.
Key words： Citizen Science    Bibliometrics    Evolution Path    Hot Topics    Library and Information Science
收稿日期: 2017-06-01      出版日期: 2017-09-13
ZTFLH:  G250  
基金资助:*本文系国家社会科学基金重大项目“面向知识创新服务的数据科学理论与方法研究”(项目编号: 16ZAD224)的研究成果之一
引用本文:   
张轩慧, 赵宇翔. 国际公众科学领域演化路径与研究热点分析*[J]. 数据分析与知识发现, 2017, 1(7): 22-34.
Zhang Xuanhui,Zhao Yuxiang. Evolution Path and Hot Topics of Citizen Science Studies. Data Analysis and Knowledge Discovery, 2017, 1(7): 22-34.
链接本文:  
https://manu44.magtech.com.cn/Jwk_infotech_wk3/CN/10.11925/infotech.2096-3467.2017.07.04      或      https://manu44.magtech.com.cn/Jwk_infotech_wk3/CN/Y2017/V1/I7/22
  公众科学的文献量演化
排名 萌芽期(1996-2009) 频次 成长期(2010-2013) 频次 发展期(2014-2016) 频次
1 Environmental Sciences &
Ecology		 150 Environmental Sciences &
Ecology		 188 Environmental Sciences &
Ecology		 390
2 Zoology 53 Biodiversity & Conservation 67 Biodiversity & Conservation 167
3 Biodiversity & Conservation 40 Computer Science 55 Science & Technology 123
4 Engineering 13 Astronomy & Astrophysics 47 Computer Science 104
5 Physical Geography 11 Zoology 47 Zoology 82
6 Life Sciences & Biomedicine 10 Engineering 44 Engineering 64
7 Marine & Freshwater Biology 9 Science & Technology 36 Physical Geography 53
8 Water Resources 8 Education & Educational
Research		 27 Marine & Freshwater Biology 50
9 Public, Environmental &
Occupational Health		 8 Marine & Freshwater Biology 22 Astronomy & Astrophysics 43
10 Mathematics 7 Life Sciences & Biomedicine 19 Remote Sensing 41
  公众科学的研究领域分布
  公众科学研究领域的时区视图
排名 萌芽期(1996-2009) 频次 成长期(2010-2013) 频次 发展期(2014-2016) 频次
1 citizen science 33 citizen science 148 citizen science 386
2 north American breeding bird
survey		 23 monitoring 21 crowdsourcing 54
3 breeding bird survey 16 climate change 17 biodiversity 34
4 monitoring 13 north American breeding bird
survey		 14 climate change 33
5 volunteer monitoring 12 invasive species 13 conservation 28
6 community-based monitoring 11 crowdsourcing 13 monitoring 27
7 biodiversity 9 data quality 13 phenology 21
8 birds 8 conservation 12 invasive species 18
9 conservation 8 biodiversity 12 distribution 18
10 species richness 7 community-based monitoring 10 ebird 17
11 surveys 6 birds 10 species distribution models 17
12 population trends 6 guideline 9 community-based monitoring 16
13 common birds census 5 education 8 public participation in scientific
research		 13
14 trends 5 phenology 7 volunteered geographic information 13
15 locally-based monitoring 5 lepidoptera 7 north American breeding bird survey 13
16 invasive species 4 distribution 7 remote sensing 13
17 landscape 4 surveys 6 big data 13
18 abundance 4 volunteers 6 participation 12
19 sustainability 4 meta-analysis 6 migration 12
20 participatory monitoring 4 participatory sensing 6 data quality 12
  公众科学的高频关键词分布
  公众科学的主题演化
排名 萌芽期(1996-2009) 发文量 成长期(2010-2013) 发文量 发展期(2014-2016) 发文量
1 British Trust Ornithol 18 Cornell Univ 35 Cornell Univ 50
2 US Geol Survey 16 Yale Univ 25 US Geol Survey 46
3 Cornell Univ 13 Univ Wisconsin 25 Univ Oxford 41
4 US Fish & Wildlife Serv 13 Univ Washington 18 Univ Washington 31
5 Univ Minnesota 9 Univ Oxford 17 Univ Wisconsin 29
6 US Forest Serv 7 Adler Planetarium 17 Univ Queensland 28
7 N Carolina State Univ 7 Univ Calif Davis 15 Univ Arizona 26
8 USGS 7 US Geol Survey 15 Univ Oklahoma 26
9 Michigan State Univ 7 Univ Maine 13 Univ Minnesota 24
10 Univ Arizona 6 Cornell Lab Ornithol 13 Univ Calif Los Angeles 23
  公众科学科研机构分布
  公众科学的科研机构合作网络
  公众科学的关键词共现密度
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