[Objective] This paper analyzes the contributions of the crowdsourcing community members, aiming to encourage them to share more knowledge. [Methods] We adopted qualitative comparison method based on fuzzy sets to study these members from a competitive knowledge crowdsourcing community. Then, we chose condition variables from community environment, motivation theory, and sunk cost effect. Finally, we used the degree of knowledge contribution as the result variable. [Results] There are two types of high-level knowledge sharing configurations: (I) Communities with administrators could lead members to a high degree of knowledge sharing through currency rewards and sunk costs (time or money); (II) Community members invested money and time could also promote high-level knowledge sharing. There are two types of low-level knowledge sharing: (I) In communities without administrators, it is hard for members to share knowledge;(II)Community members without money or time investments had low level of knowledge sharing. [Limitations] We only studied one website and the cross-section of research data might influence our results. [Conclusions] The proposed method helps the knowledge sharing community improve member management, as well as the quality of crowdsourcing tasks.
卢新元,王雪霖,代巧锋. 基于fsQCA的竞赛式众包社区知识共享行为构型研究 *[J]. 数据分析与知识发现, 2019, 3(11): 60-69.
Xinyuan Lu,Xuelin Wang,Qiaofeng Dai. Knowledge Sharing of Competitive Crowdsourcing Community Based on fsQCA. Data Analysis and Knowledge Discovery, 2019, 3(11): 60-69.
Shao B, Shi L, Xu B , et al. Factors Affecting Participation of Solvers in Crowdsourcing: An Empirical Study from China[J]. Electronic Markets, 2012,22(2):73-82.
doi: 10.1007/s12525-012-0093-3
( Xia Enjun, Zhao Xuanwei . Research on the Factors Affecting Participation Behavior in Crowdsourcing System——Based on Xiaomi Crowdsourcing Network Community[J]. R&D Management, 2017,29(1):10-21.)
[3]
Bilgihan A, Barreda A, Okumus F , et al. Consumer Perception of Knowledge-Sharing in Travel-Related Online Social Networks[J]. Tourism Management, 2016,52:287-296.
doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2015.07.002
[4]
Davenport T H, Prusak L. Working Knowledge: How Organizations Manage What They Know[M]. Harvard Business Press, 1998.
[5]
Alali H, Salim J . Virtual Communities of Practice Success Model to Support Knowledge Sharing Behaviour in Healthcare Sector[J]. Procedia Technology, 2013,11:176-183.
doi: 10.1016/j.protcy.2013.12.178
[6]
Frey K, Lüthje C, Haag S . Whom Should Firms Attract to Open Innovation Platforms? The Role of Knowledge Diversity and Motivation[J]. Long Range Planning, 2011,44(5-6):397-420.
doi: 10.1016/j.lrp.2011.09.006
( Cao Shujin, Wang Zhihong . A Meta-analysis Research on Antecedents and Their Moderating Factors of Knowledge Sharing Intentions and Behavior in Online Communities[J]. Library and Information Service, 2018,62(8):74-83.)
[8]
Hsu C L, Lin J C C . Acceptance of Blog Usage: The Roles of Technology Acceptance, Social Influence and Knowledge Sharing Motivation[J]. Information & Management, 2008,45(1):65-74.
doi: 10.1038/s41386-019-0589-z
pmid: 31841296
[9]
Chang H H, Chuang S S . Social Capital and Individual Motivations on Knowledge Sharing: Participant Involvement as a Moderator[J]. Information & Management, 2011,48(1):9-18.
doi: 10.1038/s41386-019-0589-z
pmid: 31841296
[10]
Kankanhalli A, Tan B C, Wei K K . Contributing Knowledge to Electronic Knowledge Repositories: An Empirical Investigation[J]. MIS Quarterly, 2005,29(1):113-143.
doi: 10.2307/25148670
[11]
Ardichvili A, Page V, Wentling T . Motivation and Barriers to Participation in Virtual Knowledge-Sharing Communities of Practice[J]. Journal of Knowledge Management, 2003,7(1):64-77.
doi: 10.1108/13673270310463626
[12]
Butler B, Sproull L, Kiesler S , et al. Community Effort in Online Groups: Who Does the Work and Why[J]. Leadership at a Distance: Research in Technologically Supported Work, 2002,1:171-194.
[13]
Zheng H, Li D, Hou W. Task Design , Motivation, and Participation in Crowdsourcing Contests[J]. International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 2011,15(4):57-88.
doi: 10.2753/JEC1086-4415150402
[14]
Zhao Y, Zhu Q . Effects of Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation on Participation in Crowdsourcing Contest: A Perspective of Self-Determination Theory[J]. Online Information Review, 2014,38(7):896-917.
doi: 10.1108/OIR-08-2014-0188
[15]
Martinez M G . Solver Engagement in Knowledge Sharing in Crowdsourcing Communities: Exploring the Link to Creativity[J]. Research Policy, 2015,44(8):1419-1430.
doi: 10.1016/j.respol.2015.05.010
[16]
Liang H, Wang M M, Wang J J , et al. How Intrinsic Motivation and Extrinsic Incentives Affect Task Effort in Crowdsourcing Contests: A Mediated Moderation Model[J]. Computers in Human Behavior, 2018,81:168-176.
doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2017.11.040
[17]
Bandura A . Social Cognitive Theory: An Agentic Perspective[J]. Annual Review of Psychology, 2001,52(1):1-26.
doi: 10.1187/cbe.18-10-0219
pmid: 31008673
[18]
Koh J, Kim Y G . Knowledge Sharing in Virtual Communities: An E-Business Perspective[J]. Expert Systems with Applications, 2004,26(2):155-166.
doi: 10.1016/S0957-4174(03)00116-7
[19]
Venkatesh V, Davis F D . A Theoretical Extension of the Technology Acceptance Model: Four Longitudinal Field Studies[J]. Management Science, 2000,46(2):186-204.
doi: 10.1287/mnsc.46.2.186.11926
[20]
Lin F, Lin S, Huang T . Knowledge Sharing and Creation in a Teachers’ Professional Virtual Community[J]. Computers & Education, 2008,50(3):742-756.
doi: 10.3791/60425
pmid: 31840663
( Yan Beini, Ye Zongyong . Research on the Influencing Mechanism of Environmental Factors on User Knowledge Sharing Behavior in Virtual Communities[J]. Information Studies: Theory & Application, 2017,40(10):74-79.)
( Du Yunzhou, Jia Liangding . Configuration Perspective and Qualitative Comparative Analysis(QCA): A New Road to Management Research[J]. Management World, 2017(6):155-167.)
[23]
Jiang D, Fischer M, Huang Z , et al. Identifying Drivers of China’s Provincial Wastewater Reuse Outcomes Using Qualitative Comparative Analysis[J]. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 2018,22(2):369-376.
doi: 10.1111/jiec.2018.22.issue-2
[24]
Elbaz A M, Haddoud M Y, Shehawy Y M . Nepotism, Employees’ Competencies and Firm Performance in the Tourism Sector: A Dual Multivariate and Qualitative Comparative Analysis Approach[J]. Tourism Management, 2018,67:3-16.
doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2018.01.002
( Cheng Cong, Zhong Huihui, Guo Yuanyuan , et al. Research on the Driving Pattern of Firm’s Online/Offline Innovation Collaboration: Based on Networking Synergy and Resource Allocation[J]. Studies in Science of Science, 2018,36(4):723-731.)
( Chi Maomao, Zhao Jing, Li Yanhui , et al. The Achievement Mechanisms of the Platform Ambidexterity: A Fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis[J]. Nankai Business Review, 2017,20(3):65-76.)
[27]
Hsu M H, Ju T L, Yen C H , et al. Knowledge Sharing Behavior in Virtual Communities: The Relationship Between Trust, Self-Efficacy, and Outcome Expectations[J]. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 2007,65(2):153-169.
doi: 10.1016/j.ijhcs.2006.09.003
[28]
Wasko M M L, Faraj S . Why Should I Share? Examining Social Capital and Knowledge Contribution in Electronic Networks of Practice[J]. MIS Quarterly, 2005,29(1):35-57.
doi: 10.2307/25148667
[29]
Constant D, Kiesler S, Sproull L . What’s Mine is Ours, or is It? A Study of Attitudes About Information Sharing[J]. Information Systems Research, 1994,5(4):400-421.
doi: 10.1287/isre.5.4.400
[30]
Blohm I, Bretschneider U, Leimeister J M , et al. Does Collaboration Among Participants Lead to Better Ideas in IT-based Idea Competitions? An Empirical Investigation[J]. International Journal of Networking and Virtual Organisations, 2011,9(2):106-122.
doi: 10.1504/IJNVO.2011.042413
[31]
Liu H, Li G . To Gain or not to Lose? The Effect of Monetary Reward on Motivation and Knowledge Contribution[J]. Journal of Knowledge Management, 2017,21(2):397-415.
doi: 10.1055/a-1033-7769
pmid: 31842239
( Zeng Ping, Lan Hailin, Xie Hongming . Research on Influencing Factors Model and Countermeasures of Enterprise Knowledge Sharing[J]. Commercial Research, 2006(4):24-27.)
( Xiang Peng, Geng Liuna, Xu Fuming , et al. Sunk Cost Effect: Underlying Mechanisms and Influencing Factors[J]. Journal of Psychological Science, 2017,40(6):1471-1476.)
[34]
Arkes H R, Blumer C . The Psychology of Sunk Cost[J]. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 1985,35(1):124-140.
doi: 10.3758/s13420-019-00375-8
pmid: 30788729
[35]
Tykocinski O E, Ortmann A . The Lingering Effects of Our Past Experiences: The Sunk-Cost Fallacy and the Inaction-Inertia Effect[J]. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 2011,5(9):653-664.
doi: 10.1111/spco.2011.5.issue-9
( Zhao Peng . Influencing Factors of User Knowledge Sharing Intention in Academic Blog Community: A Case Study of Science Blog[J]. Journal of Intelligence, 2014,33(11):163-168.)
( Hu Changping, Wan Li . User Relationship in Virtual Knowledge Community and Its Impact on Knowledge Sharing Behavior[J]. Information Studies: Theory & Application, 2015,38(6):71-76.)
( Wang Zhongyi, Zhang Heming, Huang Jing , et al. Studying Knowledge Dissemination of Online Q&A Community with Social Network Analysis[J]. Data Analysis and Knowledge Discovery, 2018,2(11):80-94.)