[Objective] This paper compares the performance of prostate cancer prediction models based on ensemble learning and non-ensemble learning algorithms, aiming to identify the optimal algorithm and key risk factors for the cancer. [Objective] First, we constructed the prediction models with K-Nearest Neighbor, Decision Tree, Support Vector Machine, and BP neural network. Then, we built prediction models based on AdaBoost, GradientBoost and XGBoost. Finally, we identified risk factors of prostate cancer with the two groups of models. [Results] Among models based on the non-ensemble algorithms, the Decision Tree model had the best performance with the accuracy of 0.933 3, the F1 score of 0.930 1, and the AUC of 0.914 5. For the ensemble algorithm based models, the performance of XGBoost model was the best, with the accuracy of 0.957 3, F1 score of 0.962 4, and the AUC of 0.951 3. We found nine important risk factors for prostate cancer, including total PSA and free PSA. [Limitations] The experimental data set and the model building algorithm need to be expanded. [Conclusions] Ensemble learning algorithm is better than the non-ensemble ones to predict prostate cancer and identify risk factors.