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数据分析与知识发现  2023, Vol. 7 Issue (9): 100-113     https://doi.org/10.11925/infotech.2096-3467.2022.0854
  研究论文 本期目录 | 过刊浏览 | 高级检索 |
基于多角度面部特征的文献阅读专注度研究*
刘洋,朱学芳()
南京大学信息管理学院 南京 210023
Studying Literature Reading Concentration Based on Multi-angle Facial Features
Liu Yang,Zhu Xuefang()
School of Information Management, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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摘要 

【目的】文献阅读专注度目前大多采用人工方式或眼动跟踪方法进行评价,为实现专注度评价过程的自动化检测和实时反馈,本文将计算机视觉技术和专注度评价研究相结合,对智能技术在智慧知识服务中的应用研究也有意义。【方法】通过阅读者头部垂直方向和水平方向转动角度检测头部姿态;通过眼部以及嘴部的闭合度检测阅读者闭眼或打哈欠状态进而对疲劳度进行评分;并且依据阅读者的表情识别结果对情绪进行评分,之后应用模糊综合评价算法对相关因素进行权重确定和评分整合,获得阅读者在文献阅读过程中不同时刻的专注度状态。【结果】将该文献阅读专注度模型应用于实际阅读场景以评价头部倾斜、疲劳和消极情绪状态文献阅读专注度,获得的效果分别比正常状态低26.3%、25.2%和6.8%。【局限】当文献阅读视频出现面部特征模糊时,视觉识别技术检测精度不足,同时存在部分极端阅读实例有待优化。【结论】本文模型可以应用于多领域的下游任务中,既可以辅助阅读者及时调整文献阅读策略以提高阅读效率,也可以辅助图书馆等部门制定图书采购策略,进而减少图书资源浪费。

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刘洋
朱学芳
关键词 文献阅读专注度评价多角度面部特征计算机视觉模糊综合评价    
Abstract

[Objective] The concentration of literature reading is mainly evaluated by manual methods or eye-tracking techniques. This paper uses computer vision technology to automatically detect and receive real-time feedback from the concentration evaluation, which also improves the application of intelligent technology in smart knowledge service. [Methods] First, we detected the head postures of the readers by their vertical and horizontal rotation angles. Then, we scored their fatigue and emotion with the closing eyes or yawning status. Third, we decided the readers’ sentiment based on these expression recognition results. Fourth, we applied the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation algorithm to determine the weight of relevant factors. Finally, we integrated the scores to obtain the reader’s concentration status at different reading processes. [Results] We applied the new model to the actual reading scenes to evaluate the reading concentration of head tilt, fatigue, and negative emotion, and the results were 26.3%, 25.2%, and 6.8% lower than the normal state, respectively. [Limitations] When the literature reading video showed blurred facial features, the detection accuracy was unsatisfactory, which needs improvement. There are also some extreme reading instances to be optimized. [Conclusions] The proposed model can adjust reading strategies and help libraries optimize collection development strategies.

Key wordsLiterature Reading    Concentration Evaluation    Multi-angle Facial Features    Computer Vision    Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation
收稿日期: 2022-08-15      出版日期: 2023-10-24
ZTFLH:  G250  
  G350  
基金资助:*国家社会科学基金项目(22BTQ017)
通讯作者: 朱学芳,ORCID: 0000-0002-8244-5999,E-mail: xfzhu@nju.edu.cn。   
引用本文:   
刘洋, 朱学芳. 基于多角度面部特征的文献阅读专注度研究*[J]. 数据分析与知识发现, 2023, 7(9): 100-113.
Liu Yang, Zhu Xuefang. Studying Literature Reading Concentration Based on Multi-angle Facial Features. Data Analysis and Knowledge Discovery, 2023, 7(9): 100-113.
链接本文:  
https://manu44.magtech.com.cn/Jwk_infotech_wk3/CN/10.11925/infotech.2096-3467.2022.0854      或      https://manu44.magtech.com.cn/Jwk_infotech_wk3/CN/Y2023/V7/I9/100
Fig.1  模型实施路线
Fig.2  YOLOv5模型结构
Fig.3  人脸识别模型的平均精准度迭代效果
Fig.4  面部姿态示意图
Fig.5  面部关键特征点示意图
Fig.6  左眼关键特征点示意图
Fig.7  单眼相关距离示意图
Fig.8  不同眼睛闭合度阈值下的准确率
Fig.9  嘴巴关键特征点示意图
Fig.10  表情识别流程
Fig.11  VGGNet16模型结构
真实类 预测类
惊讶 开心 正常 伤心 厌恶 害怕 生气
惊讶 83 5 2 2 0 7 1
开心 2 88 6 2 0 1 1
正常 2 7 66 16 0 3 6
伤心 2 4 13 65 0 8 8
厌恶 2 0 0 11 61 4 22
害怕 7 3 9 20 0 53 8
生气 3 4 7 14 1 7 64
Table 1  基于VGGNet16的表情识别混淆矩阵(%)
第一层因素 第二层因素
序号 指标名称 序号 指标名称
1 抬(低)头转动平均评分 1 头部姿态
2 面部左(右)转动平均评分
1 眼部相关疲劳度评分 2 疲劳度
2 嘴部相关疲劳度评分
1 惊讶表情频率 3 人脸表情
2 开心表情频率
3 正常表情频率
4 伤心表情频率
5 厌恶表情频率
6 害怕表情频率
7 生气表情频率
Table 2  专注度评价模型指标体系
Fig.12  头部姿态综合指标取值过程
Fig.13  疲劳度综合指标取值过程
Fig.14  人脸表情综合指标取值过程
Fig.15  基于本文模型的层次结构
n 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
R I 0 0 0.58 0.90 1.12 1.24 1.32 1.41 1.45 1.49 1.51
Table 3  随机性一致性指标 R I
第一层因素 第二层因素
序号 权重 指标名称 序号 权重 指标名称
1 * 抬(低)头转动平均评分 1 0.637 头部姿态
2 面部左(右)转动平均评分
1 1.000 眼部相关疲劳度评分 2 0.258 疲劳度
2 1.000 嘴部相关疲劳度评分
1 0.374 惊讶表情频率 3 0.105 人脸表情
2 0.248 开心表情频率
3 0.171 正常表情频率
4 0.099 伤心表情频率
5 0.054 厌恶表情频率
6 0.027 害怕表情频率
7 0.027 生气表情频率
Table 4  文献阅读专注度模型的指标体系及对应权值
Fig.16  15名被测试者不同状态下文献阅读专注度评分均值
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