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现代图书情报技术  2016, Vol. 32 Issue (7-8): 42-50     https://doi.org/10.11925/infotech.1003-3513.2016.07.06
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基于被引科学知识主题突变的突破性创新识别*
张金柱1(),张晓林2
1南京理工大学经济管理学院 南京 210094
2中国科学院文献情报中心 北京 100190
Radical Innovation Identification Based on Topic Mutation of Scientific Knowledge Cited in Patents
Zhang Jinzhu1(),Zhang Xiaolin2
1School of Economics and Management, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
2National Science Library, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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摘要 

目的】在与基础研究密切相关的技术领域, 需要从专利信息中的被引科学知识主题内容出发识别突破性创新。【方法】抽取专利科学引文的关键词和学科分类表示被引科学知识; 在关键词共现网络和学科分类组合中识别被引科学知识的主题; 提出基于关键词和学科分类的主题突变程度计算方法, 遴选突变程度高的主题对应作为突破性创新发生的技术主题, 对突破性创新进行识别。【结果】在纳米电子学领域识别出已被证实为突破性创新的纳米电路相关主题, 即纳米导线、碳纳米管、可计算电路等纳米电路材料和制备主题, 并且是材料科学、化学、光学、生物学和应用物理等多学科交叉融会的结果, 验证了该方法的有效性。【局限】被引科学知识抽取、预处理和匹配准确率需要提高, 方法通用性还需在其他领域进行验证。【结论】该方法是基于专利信息识别突破性创新的重要完善和补充, 可扩展应用到其他与基础研究密切相关的技术领域中识别突破性创新。

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作者相关文章
张金柱
张晓林
关键词 突破性创新被引科学知识主题突变突变程度纳米电子学    
Abstract

[Objective] Technical fields that closely related to basic research require radical innovation identification from the content of scientific knowledge cited in patents (SKCP). [Methods] This paper firstly extracts keywords and subject categories of scientific references in patents to represent SKCP, then identifies topics in keywords co-occurrence network and combinations of subject categories, finally proposes the method of topic mutation degree calculation based on keywords and subject categories, to identify technical topics of radical innovation. [Results] In the domain of Nano electronics, Nano circuit is an approved radical innovation. The related topics about this are confirmed using proposed method including Nano wire, carbon nanotubes, computing circuit, and Nano materials and the manufacturing technologies. Moreover, the corresponding combination of subject categories is materials science, chemistry, optics, biology and applied physics. [Limitations] The accuracy of SKCP’s extraction, preprocessing and matching needs to be improved and the generality of method needs to be validated in other areas. [Conclusions] This method is an important improvement and supplement of radical innovation identification based on patent information and could be extended to other technical fields that are closely related to basic research.

Key wordsRadical innovation    Scientific knowledge cited in patents    Topic mutation    Mutation rate    Nano electronics
收稿日期: 2016-05-04      出版日期: 2016-09-29
基金资助:*本文系国家自然科学基金青年基金项目“基于被引科学知识突变的突破性创新动态识别及其形成机理研究”(项目编号: 71503125)、教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“异构知识网络中主题突变动态识别研究”(项目编号: 14YJC870025)和中央高校基本科研业务专项资金项目“基于专利引用科学知识突变的突破性创新动态识别方法与形成机理研究”(项目编号: 30915013101)的研究成果之一
引用本文:   
张金柱,张晓林. 基于被引科学知识主题突变的突破性创新识别*[J]. 现代图书情报技术, 2016, 32(7-8): 42-50.
Zhang Jinzhu,Zhang Xiaolin. Radical Innovation Identification Based on Topic Mutation of Scientific Knowledge Cited in Patents. New Technology of Library and Information Service, 2016, 32(7-8): 42-50.
链接本文:  
https://manu44.magtech.com.cn/Jwk_infotech_wk3/CN/10.11925/infotech.1003-3513.2016.07.06      或      https://manu44.magtech.com.cn/Jwk_infotech_wk3/CN/Y2016/V32/I7-8/42
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