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数据分析与知识发现  2021, Vol. 5 Issue (9): 54-62     https://doi.org/10.11925/infotech.2096-3467.2020.1105
     研究论文 本期目录 | 过刊浏览 | 高级检索 |
基于机器学习的食源性疾病致病菌识别方法*
王寒雪1,2,崔文娟1,周园春1,2,杜一1,2()
1中国科学院计算机网络信息中心 北京 100089
2中国科学院大学 北京 100089
Identifying Pathogens of Foodborne Diseases with Machine Learning
Wang Hanxue1,2,Cui Wenjuan1,Zhou Yuanchun1,2,Du Yi1,2()
1Computer Network Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100089, China
2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100089, China
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摘要 

【目的】 引入外部食品领域数据增强暴露食品的词向量表征,利用机器学习方法对食源性疾病致病菌进行识别。【方法】 通过从食源性疾病病例数据中提取出空间、时间、患者信息、暴露食品信息等作为食源性疾病致病菌识别的特征数据,并进一步利用融合领域知识的词向量表征等技术对食源性疾病暴露食品进行表征,使用XGBoost机器学习模型挖掘、学习特征之间的相关性,从而实现对几种重要的食源性疾病致病菌的识别。【结果】 通过融合领域数据的词向量表征方法,可以获得比基于通用语料的词向量模型更加准确的暴露食品词向量表征。对沙门氏菌、诺如病毒、致泻大肠埃希氏菌属、副溶血性弧菌4种重要的食源性疾病致病菌的识别能够达到68%的精确率和召回率,为食源性疾病致病菌的辅助诊疗提供帮助。【局限】 仅对4种主要食源性疾病致病菌进行分析。【结论】 相关的分析结果能够指导食源性疾病的管理、处置方案的制定,基于分析结果和机器学习方法的致病菌识别能为食源性疾病的临床辅助诊疗提供有益支持。

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王寒雪
崔文娟
周园春
杜一
关键词 食源性疾病致病菌识别词表征模型机器学习    
Abstract

[Objective] This paper introduces external data to enhance the word vector representation of exposure foods, and then uses machine learning methods to identify foodborne disease pathogens. [Objective] First, we extracted space, time, patient information, exposure information from foodborne disease cases as features to identify foodborne disease pathogens. Then, we used word vector representation technology integrating domain knowledge to embed foodborne disease exposure foods. Third, we utilized XGBoost machine learning model to examine the correlation among features, and found several important foodborne disease pathogens. [Results] The proposed method yielded more accurate word vector representation of exposure foods than those of the traditional models. It also achieved 68% precision and recall on identifying four important foodborne disease pathogens: Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Norovirus, which provides some auxiliary diagnosis and treatment for the patients. [Limitations] We only analyzed four major foodborne disease pathogens. [Conclusions] The proposed method could improve the control of foodborne diseases.

Key wordsFoodborne Disease    Pathogen Identification    Word Embedding    Machine Learning
收稿日期: 2020-11-10      出版日期: 2020-11-24
ZTFLH:  TP399  
基金资助:*国家重点研发计划(2017YFC1601504);国家自然科学基金重点项目的研究成果之一(61836013)
通讯作者: 杜一     E-mail: duyi@cnic.cn
引用本文:   
王寒雪,崔文娟,周园春,杜一. 基于机器学习的食源性疾病致病菌识别方法*[J]. 数据分析与知识发现, 2021, 5(9): 54-62.
Wang Hanxue,Cui Wenjuan,Zhou Yuanchun,Du Yi. Identifying Pathogens of Foodborne Diseases with Machine Learning. Data Analysis and Knowledge Discovery, 2021, 5(9): 54-62.
链接本文:  
https://manu44.magtech.com.cn/Jwk_infotech_wk3/CN/10.11925/infotech.2096-3467.2020.1105      或      https://manu44.magtech.com.cn/Jwk_infotech_wk3/CN/Y2021/V5/I9/54
Fig.1  融合领域知识的词向量表征流程
字段 示例
菜名 鱼香肉丝
食材清单 猪里脊肉, 冬笋, 胡萝卜, 黑木耳, 葱末, 姜末, 蒜末, 剁椒, 水淀粉, 料酒, 醋, 生抽, 白糖, 香麻油, 水
做法描述 黑木耳用温水泡发开洗净。猪里脊肉顺势切成丝,先用一小撮盐抓捏到发粘。一茶匙干淀粉加一点水搅成水淀粉,加入肉丝中用手抓捏到全部被吸收…
类别 鱼香肉丝,家常菜,下饭菜
Table 1  菜谱数据示例
Fig.2  随机游走过程
参数名 参数设置
corpus_size 268 GB
window size 5
min_count 10
size 128
negative_sample 0
iteration 5
Table 2  词向量预训练模型参数设置
Fig.3  部分类别的暴露食品词向量在二维空间的分布
Fig.4  通用语料与融入领域知识语料的词向量OOV数量对比
评价指标
Precision 68%
Recall 68%
F1-Score 68%
Table 3  实验结果
真实值

预测值
沙门
氏菌
诺如
病毒
致泻大肠
埃希氏菌属
副溶血性弧菌
沙门氏菌
诺如病毒
致泻大肠埃希氏菌属
副溶血性弧菌
3710 566 667 266
623 3 926 463 415
792 405 1 920 364
210 338 326 2 444
Table 4  混淆矩阵
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