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Data Analysis and Knowledge Discovery  2017, Vol. 1 Issue (12): 63-73    DOI: 10.11925/infotech.2096-3467.2017.0820
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Hierarchical Classification Model for Invention Patents
Zhai Dongsheng, Hu Dengjin(), Zhang Jie, He Xijun, Liu He
School of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
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Abstract  

[Objective] This paper proposes a new model to process patent information based on machine learning classification algorithm, aiming to determine the level of invention. [Methods] First, we extracted the technology feature words from the patent texts. Then, we constructed the patent technology feature vector with an algorithm trained by Word2Vec. Third, we calculated patent text indicators and backward references to build the training set. Finally, we constructed the new model with machine learning classification algorithm. [Results] We retrieved patents in the field of speech recognition technology with the proposed model. We found that the proportion of advanced level to entry level patents was around 1:4, which was in line with the actual situation. [Limitations] The WordNet dictionary will limit the results of extraction. [Conclusions] The proposed model could effectively identify the advanced patents and recommend them to the business owners.

Key wordsPatent Invention Level      Technical Feature Vector      Word Vector      Machine Learning     
Received: 15 August 2017      Published: 29 December 2017
ZTFLH:  G350 TP311  

Cite this article:

Zhai Dongsheng,Hu Dengjin,Zhang Jie,He Xijun,Liu He. Hierarchical Classification Model for Invention Patents. Data Analysis and Knowledge Discovery, 2017, 1(12): 63-73.

URL:

https://manu44.magtech.com.cn/Jwk_infotech_wk3/EN/10.11925/infotech.2096-3467.2017.0820     OR     https://manu44.magtech.com.cn/Jwk_infotech_wk3/EN/Y2017/V1/I12/63

等级 描述 实验次数 专利百分比
1 1级发明不会消除冲突, 是最小的发明。1级意味着其方法驻留与一个单一的行业的边界, 并且是通过一个相关工程学科掌握的禁言来处理。 1-10 32.0%
2 所解决的问题涉及技术, 该问题通过相关系统的工程学科已知方法可以很容易解决。 10-100 45.0%
3 一个冲突驻留于同一学科的边界(或者说通过同一科学知识就能解决它)。 100-1000 19.0%
4 一个新的技术系统被合成。由于新的系统没有提及解决技术冲突, 或许这个新的发明没有克服该冲突。事实上, 冲突是存在的, 但是他们和旧的技术系统是相关的。在4级发明中, 冲突通过原理问题所属的科学边界来被消除。 1000-10000 ≤4.0%
5 发明就是一个困难问题的复杂网络。而实验次数的无限增长导致了一种全新的系统。这种发明推出一种新的系统, 随着时间的推移其伴随着各种等级的发明。一种新的技术被创造出来。 10000+ ≤0.3%
参数名称 含义 取值
-train 训练数据 Patent.txt
-output 词向量输出文件 Word2vec_model.bin
-cbow 是否使用cbow模型
(1:是, 0:不是)
1
-size 词向量维数 400
-window 上下文窗口 5-10
-threads 线程数 8
-alpha 学习速率 默认值
-min_count 单词最小频数 5
-Algo 使用Negative sampling
真实情况 预测结果
正例 反例
正例 TP FN
反例 FP TN
技术特征词 技术词汇重要性
‘lattice’ 1.012178089
‘module’ 0.40855953
‘concatenate’ 0.253707282
‘multiple’ 0.209988341
‘applies’ 0.165597509
‘field’ 0.148309666
…… ……
‘score’ 0.095205173
‘data’ 0.039488217
‘speech’ 0.02694872
‘recognition’ 0.018010984
专利号 权利要求书_已有
技术_关键词
权利要求书_
同小类_关键词
权利要求书_
同大类_关键词
权利要求书_
其他_关键词
US20020184373A1 0.202702703 0.027027 0 0
US20020161579A1 0.239130435 0 0 0.021739
US20010041980A1 0.246153846 0.015385 0 0
US20040049388A1 0.042857143 0.007143 0 0
US20050143989A1 0.141176471 0 0 0
US20060200348A1 0.193548387 0 0 0
US20060265225A1 0.41025641 0 0 0
US20060293899A1 0.212121212 0.015152 0 0
US6205425B1 0.257142857 0.028571 0 0
US20030055642A1 0.347826087 0 0 0
专利号 权利要求书_已有
技术_非关键词
权利要求书_同
小类_非关键词
权利要求书_同
大类_非关键词
权利要求书_
其他_非关键词
权利要求书_
新词汇
US20020184373A1 0.581081 0.054054 0 0 0.135135
US20020161579A1 0.695652 0.021739 0 0 0.021739
US20010041980A1 0.723077 0 0 0 0.015385
US20040049388A1 0.935714 0.014286 0 0 0
US20050143989A1 0.811765 0.011765 0 0 0.035294
US20060200348A1 0.806452 0 0 0 0
US20060265225A1 0.589744 0 0 0 0
US20060293899A1 0.772727 0 0 0 0
US6205425B1 0.685714 0 0 0 0.028571
US20030055642A1 0.652174 0 0 0 0
专利号 新颖性部分_已有
技术_关键词
新颖性部分_同小类_关键词 新颖性部分_同大类_
关键词
新颖性部分_其他_关键词
US20020184373A1 0.304347826 0.043478 0 0
US20020161579A1 0.666666667 0 0 0
US20010041980A1 0.545454545 0 0 0
US20040049388A1 0.571428571 0 0 0
US20050143989A1 0.75 0 0 0
US20060200348A1 0.818181818 0 0 0
US20060265225A1 0.4375 0 0 0
US20060293899A1 0.444444444 0 0.055556 0
US6205425B1 0.307692308 0.076923 0 0
US20030055642A1 1 0 0 0
专利号 新颖性部分_已有
技术_非关键词
新颖性部分_
同小类_非关键词
新颖性部分_同
大类_非关键词
新颖性部分_
其他_非关键词
新颖性部分_
新词汇
US20020184373A1 0.391304 0 0 0 0.26087
US20020161579A1 0.333333 0 0 0 0
US20010041980A1 0.363636 0 0 0 0.090909
US20040049388A1 0.428571 0 0 0 0
US20050143989A1 0.25 0 0 0 0
US20060200348A1 0.181818 0 0 0 0
US20060265225A1 0.5625 0 0 0 0
US20060293899A1 0.5 0 0 0 0
US6205425B1 0.615385 0 0 0 0
US20030055642A1 0 0 0 0 0
专利号 相同IPC比例 相同小类比例 相同大类比例 其他IPC比例 原创性指标 引用延迟指标
US20020184373A1 0.222222222 0.666667 0.111111 0 0.839111 1.256112
US20020161579A1 0.130434783 0.217391 0.086957 0.565217 0.93077 0.362692
US20010041980A1 0.888888889 0.111111 0 0 0.865133 0.964108
US20040049388A1 0.846153846 0.128205 0 0.025641 0.945875 0.76467
US20050143989A1 0.733333333 0.233333 0.033333 0 0.8492 0.618055
US20060200348A1 0.545454545 0.363636 0 0.090909 0.799255 0.280562
US20060265225A1 0.333333333 0.333333 0 0.333333 0.48 0.727931
US20060293899A1 0.285714286 0.285714 0.214286 0.214286 0.925187 0.15219
US6205425B1 0.333333333 0.666667 0 0 0.328125 0.646833
US20030055642A1 0.444444444 0.333333 0 0.222222 0.577402 0.361963
训练算法 准确率 召回率 F1值
贝叶斯 70.40% 73.20% 0.7177
决策树 68.30% 60.20% 0.6399
随机森林 81.20% 75.10% 0.7803
支持向量机 73.90% 72.70% 0.7329
逻辑回归 69.40% 70.50% 0.6994
人工神经网络 83.50% 80.10% 0.8176
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