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数据分析与知识发现  2019, Vol. 3 Issue (9): 98-114     https://doi.org/10.11925/infotech.2096-3467.2018.1223
     研究论文 本期目录 | 过刊浏览 | 高级检索 |
财经媒介信息对股票市场的影响研究: 基于情感分析的实证 *
岑咏华1(),谭志浩1,吴承尧2
1 南京理工大学经济管理学院 南京 210094
2 南京农业大学金融学院 南京 210095
Impacts of Financial Media Information on Stock Market: An Empirical Study of Sentiment Analysis
Yonghua Cen1(),Zhihao Tan1,Chengyao Wu2
1 School of Economics and Management, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
2 College of Finance, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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摘要 

【目的】考察媒介信息所蕴含的情感信号对于股票市场的影响效应。【方法】利用LSTM深度神经网络方法对主流财经网站的新闻、股吧、博客文本的情感信息进行识别和提取, 构建自回归分布滞后模型和面板回归模型, 从宏观市场以及微观股票资产两个层面实证揭示财经媒介信息所蕴含的情感对股票市场表现的关联影响。【结果】(1) 媒介信息情感的倾向性变化在短期内导致价格的显著同向变化, 同时受投资者追涨杀跌驱动, 市场成交量显著提升。更长时间上, 市场对于媒介信息情感的过度反应将反转, 价格回归。(2) 媒介信息情感波动和分歧程度与价格负相关, 与成交量呈现非线性的U形关系。(3) 投资者对于积极情感的反应更及时更强烈, 理性调整更缓慢, 而对于消极情感呈现出显著的处置效应。(4) 相较于单一的利好或利空情绪, 投资者对于市场意见高分歧、利空与利好同在的反应更强烈, 股价在投资者过度交易中持续下落。【局限】针对有着不同语法和语义表达特征的不同媒介信息类型, 未选择不同的模型和参数进行词向量编码, 情感分析的准确度可能受到影响。【结论】本研究可为媒介信息效应以及投资者情绪影响相关研究提供新的视角和洞见, 对金融监管具有理论、方法和实践指导意义。

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岑咏华
谭志浩
吴承尧
关键词 财经媒介信息情感分析投资者情绪股票市场情感倾向    
Abstract

[Objective] This paper aims to study the impacts of media coverage on stock market. [Methods] We used the LSTM deep neural networks to evaluate the sentiments of the online news, forum posts and blogs from leading financial websites. Then, we established autoregressive distributed lag model and panel regression model to test the relationship between media information sentiments and stock market performance from the perspectives of macro market and individual stocks. [Results] (I) In the short term, the positive and negative sentiments significantly changed the stock prices and led to overreaction. In the longer term, the stock market reversed. (II) There were a negative relationship between sentiment volatility/discrepancy and stock prices, and a U-shaped nonlinear correlation between sentiment discrepancy and trading. (III) Investors reacted more immediately and strongly to positive sentiments, and the rational correction of this overreaction was slower than those of the negative information. (IV) High discrepancy of sentiments led to more over-trading than high consensus. [Limitations] The accuracy of sentiment analysis needs to be improved with more complex models. [Conclusions] Our research provides theoretical, methodological and practical implications for financial supervision and regulation.

Key wordsFinancial Media Information    Sentiment Analysis    Investor Sentiment    Stock Market    Sentiment Orientation
收稿日期: 2018-11-04      出版日期: 2019-10-23
ZTFLH:  F832.51 G35  
基金资助:*本文系国家自然科学基金项目“投资者有限关注与证券市场监管: 基于大数据和计算实验的方法”(项目编号: 71503130);国家自然科学基金项目“社会化影响下个体信息认知处理中的扭曲与偏见机制研究”(项目编号: 71471089);国家自然科学基金项目“突发事件网民负面情感的模型检测研究”(项目编号: 71774084)
引用本文:   
岑咏华,谭志浩,吴承尧. 财经媒介信息对股票市场的影响研究: 基于情感分析的实证 *[J]. 数据分析与知识发现, 2019, 3(9): 98-114.
Yonghua Cen,Zhihao Tan,Chengyao Wu. Impacts of Financial Media Information on Stock Market: An Empirical Study of Sentiment Analysis. Data Analysis and Knowledge Discovery, 2019, 3(9): 98-114.
链接本文:  
https://manu44.magtech.com.cn/Jwk_infotech_wk3/CN/10.11925/infotech.2096-3467.2018.1223      或      https://manu44.magtech.com.cn/Jwk_infotech_wk3/CN/Y2019/V3/I9/98
  整体研究框架
信息粒度 信息来源 信息类型分布(条)
新闻 博客 股吧
宏观市场 新浪财经 25 490 21 426 2 347
东方财富 37 044 1 735 8 615
网易财经 13 254 - -
合计 75 788 23 161 10 962
个股 新浪财经 14 087 - 1 272
东方财富 20 977 - 6 217
网易财经 2 758 - -
合计 37 822 - 7 489
  财经媒介信息的粒度、来源和类型分布
  基于LSTM的情感分析过程
算法 Accuracy Precision Recall F1-score
SVM 0.5862 0.5910 0.9673 0.7337
BP 0.5903 0.5898 0.9897 0.7420
CNN 0.7525 0.8115 0.7556 0.7825
LSTM 0.8144 0.8109 0.8933 0.8501
  不同情感分析模型评估
数据面板 变量 平均值 最大值 最小值 标准差 偏度 峰度 单整阶数 PP检验值
Panel.A: 媒介
信息情感
SO 0.6744 0.7174 0.6214 0.0202 -0.3347 2.5678 (0) -9.8203***
SV 0.0805 0.1024 0.0628 0.0087 0.2056 2.6996 (0) -10.7562***
SO*(日内) 0.2606 18.1554 -0.6484 0.7985 10.5351 138.0403 (0) 9375.8602***
SV*(日内) 0.0168 0.5842 0.0000 0.0397 4.1882 25.9605 (0) 9644.6624***
SO*(日间) 1.1709 56.1808 -2.2263 3.0606 8.5154 95.7669 (0) 5086.3990***
SV*(日间) 0.0183 0.5218 0.0000 0.0396 3.9059 22.7119 (0) 6677.4028***
Panel.B: 上证
指数
M_Clpr 3271.5939 3559.4700 3066.8000 123.4484 0.4051 2.5142 (1) -9.3615***
M_Trdvol 1.6774E+10 2.8055E+10 1.0032E+10 4.0519E+09 0.9380 3.0704 (0) -4.7527***
Panel.C: 沪深
300指数
M_Clpr 4016.4328 4389.8900 3748.6400 157.1514 0.3873 2.5773 (1) -9.6843***
M_Trdvol 1.1402E+10 2.1982E+10 5.9030E+09 3.9969E+09 1.0704 3.2561 (0) -4.6446***
Panel.D: 沪深
300成分股日
内数据
S_Price 26.9833 788.4200 0.0000 63.8346 9.7353 105.9154 (0) 493.9201***
S_Turnrate 0.8038 52.2100 0.0000 1.4678 11.0528 237.6628 (0) 9230.6062***
S_Trdvol 3.9976E+05 2.0554E+07 0.0000 7.9409E+05 7.1529 90.5288 (0) 9301.6712***
Panel.E: 沪深
300成分股日
间数据
S_Price 26.2359 788.4200 0.0000 59.7262 10.1848 117.1104 (0) 571.3529***
S_Turnrate 1.1299 54.6326 0.0000 1.6606 9.4680 200.1871 (0) 2234.6131***
S_Trdvol 5.7799E+07 2.0554E+09 0.0000 1.0438E+08 6.3401 66.3050 (0) 2263.0469***
  描述性统计
SO SV M_Clpr ΔM_Clpr M_Trdvol ΔM_Trdvol
SV -0.8058***(-14.2729) 1
M_Clpr 0.2053**(2.2001) -0.1559(-1.6550) 1
ΔM_Clpr 0.3686***(4.1591) -0.3621***(-4.0748) 0.1464(1.5518) 1
M_Trdvol 0.1644*(1.7480) -0.0152(-0.1595) 0.6099***(8.0727) -0.1828*(-1.9496) 1
ΔM_Trdvol -0.0174(-0.1830) 0.0444(0.4659) 0.0807(0.8488) 0.0002(0.0025) 0.3612***(4.0631) 1
  市场变量间相关性分析
时间窗口 模型变量 SO* SV* S_Price S_Turnrate S_Trdvol
日内 SV* 0.3303***(64.6454) 1
S_Price 0.0058(1.0866) -0.0200***(-3.7089) 1
S_Turnrate 0.0218***(4.0363) 0.0367***(6.7842) 0.0791***(14.6636) 1
S_Trdvol 0.0397***(7.3400) 0.0049(0.9117) 0.7873***(235.9581) 0.1847***(34.7206) 1
日间 SV* 0.4181***(58.2939) 1
S_Price 0.0279***(3.5399) -0.0315***(-4.0028) 1
S_Turnrate 0.0291***(3.6974) 0.0283***(3.5920) 0.0210***(2.6712) 1
S_Trdvol 0.1452***(18.5834) 0.0663***(8.4207) -0.4386***(-61.8087) 0.3056***(40.6518) 1
  股票变量间相关性分析
  市场层面情感倾向性与情感波动性趋势
  股票层面情感倾向性与情感波动性日内(上)和日间(下)趋势图(以平安银行为例)
模型参数 上证指数 沪深300指数
ΔM_Clpr M_Trdvol ΔM_Trdvol ΔM_Clpr M_Trdvol ΔM_Trdvol
β1 -0.0393(-0.3694) 0.4290***(4.7764) -0.4176***(-4.7963) 0.1110(1.0399) 0.5181***(5.7020) -0.3854***(-4.4091)
β2 0.0710(0.6783) 0.2929***(3.3671) 0.0455(0.4151) 0.2988***(3.3333)
β3 0.2319**(2.3682) 0.0792(0.7286)
β4 -0.3160***(-3.0866)
α0 0.2601***(3.9104) 0.7823(1.0547) 0.1923(0.2469) 0.1792***(3.0040) 0.7821(0.8209) 0.5083(0.5180)
α1 -0.1425**(-1.9684) 0.1936(0.3977) -0.1027(-0.1992) -0.0575(-1.2537) -0.2551(-0.4001) -0.4175(-0.6351)
α2 -0.0545(-0.7292) 0.4420(0.8957) 0.1652(0.3155) -0.0903**(-2.0177) -0.0796(-0.1228) -0.2281(-0.3410)
α3 1.5275**(2.1995) 0.9961(1.3636) 0.0809(1.2780) 1.3085(1.4561) 1.0764(1.1618)
φ1 -0.0216(-0.2936) -3.3924**(-2.2590) -1.6521(-1.0725) -0.0371(-0.4945) -2.9089*(-1.6240) -1.9466(-1.0681)
φ2 0.0008(0.3214) 0.0243**(2.0119) 0.0106(0.8507) 0.0026(1.1941) 0.0212(1.3318) 0.0063(0.4024)
φ3 -0.3908**(-2.2786) 5.1211***(2.6306) 4.9407**(2.3693) -0.0693(-0.3881) 6.4401**(2.1208) 7.3834**(2.3627)
Adj-R2 0.2222 0.6425 0.1980 0.1760 0.6760 0.1991
F检验 3.8890*** 25.4259*** 4.7128*** 2.9235*** 29.3452*** 4.6261***
DW检验 1.9281 2.0727 2.0971 1.9995 2.1309 2.1738
  模型I的检验结果
模型参数 ΔM_Clpr M_Trdvol ΔM_Trdvol
pos neg pos neg pos neg
β -0.3715**(-2.1792) -0.0120(-0.0608) 0.4490***(3.1025) -0.3555**(-2.5437) -0.2765(-0.3310) -0.4349**(-2.7380)
α 0.2860**(2.3767) 0.4950**(1.9885) 7.4977**(2.0899) -4.8370**(-2.3099) 1.7185(0.6219) -5.2740*(-1.7577)
φ1 0.5611(0.7474) -0.3896**(-2.2654) 1.2498(0.7533) 5.9920***(5.2644) 1.9406(1.3206) 2.3985**(2.8297)
φ2 0.0253(0.9429) 0.0132*(1.7407) 0.0200(0.5485) -0.3297***(-4.5713) -0.0708*(-1.6820) 0.0011(0.0412)
φ3 -0.7123**(-2.8195) -0.2178(-0.6097) -4.5734(-0.5401) -8.0594*(-1.7879) 9.3053(1.5347) 0.6143(0.1347)
Adj-R2 0.5683 0.1337 0.2341 0.5635 0.0671 0.1852
F检验 4.9503*** 2.2955** 2.3169** 9.8227*** 1.8157 2.8643**
DW检验 1.9056 2.1264 1.9352 1.9176 1.9295 2.0456
  模型I-1和模型I-2的检验结果(τ=0)
模型参数 ΔM_Clpr M_Trdvol ΔM_Trdvol
pos neg pos neg pos neg
β -0.2501**(-1.9908) -0.1919*(-1.7017) 0.1242(1.0936) 0.0615(0.3420) -0.2795(-1.5251) -0.3661**(-2.2737)
α 0.0324(0.1551) -0.3477**(-1.9886) 0.4697(0.2429) 5.6319**(1.9980) -2.3744(-1.0554) 5.6451**(2.0743)
φ1 -0.0342(-0.3788) 0.1821(0.9595) 0.6900(0.5667) 4.1655**(2.1409) -0.0701(-0.0611) 0.6854(0.7876)
φ2 0.0082*(1.9181) 0.0018(0.7772) 0.1332**(2.5089) -0.0952(-1.6272) 0.0131(0.2918) 0.0219(1.1469)
φ3 -0.0012(-0.0035) 0.4750(1.1750) 2.8001(0.9078) -4.9336(-0.9411) 3.4674(0.9560) 3.3466(0.9068)
Adj-R2 0.0513 0.0937 0.6303 0.4493 0.0955 0.3261
F检验 3.6631** 1.9827* 12.3680*** 6.4412*** 1.7865 4.1466***
DW检验 2.1342 1.9298 1.9921 1.9636 2.0749 2.1658
  模型I-1和模型I-2的检验结果(τ=1)
系数 日内时间窗口 日间时间窗口
S_Price S_Turnrate S_Trdvol S_Price S_Turnrate S_Trdvol
β1 1.0419***(3.1008) 0.4836***(7.4929) 0.1763***(3.9575) 0.8195***(29.7544) 0.2790***(5.0571) 0.4380***(14.2150)
β2 -0.0659(-0.1733) -0.0143(-0.2211) 0.1563***(3.5235) 0.1008***(7.1111) 0.0450(0.9260) 0.1388***(4.3277)
β3 -0.1308(-1.4000) 0.3078***(5.2342) 0.2116***(5.8476) -0.0856***(-7.1874) 0.0610(1.3234) 0.0983***(3.4314)
β4 0.1460***(3.8939) -0.1769***(-2.9079) 0.1499***(4.9389) 0.0586(1.3990) 0.0177(0.7614)
α0 -0.0079(-1.1581) 0.0428***(3.0398) -0.0156(-0.3134) 0.0013***(2.7776) 0.0628***(4.7443) 0.0118***(3.9790)
α1 0.0049(1.3370) 0.0174**(2.5475) 0.0433**(2.4730) 0.0002(0.7938) 0.0305***(4.3534) 0.0053***(3.2730)
α2 0.0108***(2.6223) 0.0018(0.1972) 0.0402**(2.1566) -0.0004(-1.0476) 0.0074(1.1787) 0.0012(0.6941)
α3 0.0100(1.3951) -0.0039(-0.4924) -0.0249(-0.8146) -0.0008*(-1.8529) -0.0063(-1.0986) -0.0003(-0.1673)
α4 -0.0008**(-2.2191) -0.0108**(-1.9966) 0.0005(0.3162)
α5 -0.0006**(-2.4154) -0.0061(-0.5134) 0.0038(1.2891)
φ1 0.0134(1.4299) -0.2761(-1.2856) -0.0515(-0.5463) 0.0886***(3.2119) 0.9190***(3.7292) 0.2893***(5.9758)
φ2 -0.0003(-0.9376) 0.0001(0.6940) 0.0002(0.8675) 4.30E-05(1.3502) 0.0004*(1.8060) 0.0001***(2.7287)
φ3 -0.0304(-1.0054) -1.4728***(-3.6531) -1.3399**(-2.0467) -0.0591***(-4.0935) 0.3259(0.7185) -0.3159(-1.4846)
Adj-R2 0.9734 0.6551 0.4026 0.9988 0.8263 0.9060
F检验 1933.2790*** 120.7757*** 37.0884*** 10371.630*** 71.9508*** 143.8802***
DW检验 2.2439 2.0858 2.0994 1.8643 1.8949 1.9971
  模型II的检验结果
模型参数 上证指数 沪深300指数
ΔM_Clpr M_Trdvol ΔM_Trdvol ΔM_Clpr M_Trdvol ΔM_Trdvol
β1 -0.1102(-1.1785) 0.4581***(5.0539) -0.4239***(-4.8674) 0.1013(0.8891) 0.5201***(5.6764) -0.3939***(-4.4891)
β2 0.0413(0.3070) 0.3237***(3.6520) 0.0047(0.0413) 0.3163***(3.4943)
β3 0.1861**(1.9714) 0.0529(0.4657)
β4 -0.2666**(-2.4748)
α0 -0.5198**(-2.5972) -0.1105(-0.0676) 0.5121(0.3011) -0.3553**(-2.5293) 0.7364(0.3496) 1.1212(0.5193)
α1 0.2040(1.6034) -0.7024(-0.6307) -0.6070(-0.5209) 0.1647(1.1172) -0.4665(-0.3224) -0.5340(-0.3592)
α2 -0.0161(-0.1344) -1.2836(-1.1469) -1.2593(-1.0750) -0.0370(-0.2509) -0.8808(-0.6021) -1.0682(-0.7116)
α3 -1.8543(-1.1809) -1.4447(-0.8817) -0.5064(-0.2489) -0.4815(-0.2303)
φ1 -0.0391(-0.4622) -2.5279*(-1.7014) -1.3678(-0.9055) -0.0358(-0.4690) -2.0237(-1.1382) -1.2186-0.6774
φ2 0.0015(0.4909) 0.0177(1.4483) 0.0083(0.6681) 0.0030(1.3391) 0.0196(1.2001) 0.00560.3512
φ3 -0.4147***(-3.1097) 5.1425**(2.5719) 5.0155**(2.3968) -0.0967(-0.5256) 6.5306**(2.1243) 7.3684**2.3455
Adj-R2 0.1573 0.6235 0.1897 0.1197 0.6673 0.1807
F检验 2.8887*** 23.5626*** 4.6459*** 2.2242** 28.3223*** 4.4350***
DW检验 1.9112 2.0625 2.1030 2.1344 2.1228 2.1722
  模型III的检验结果
模型参数 ΔM_Clpr M_Trdvol ΔM_Trdvol
disc cons disc cons disc cons
β -0.2538*(-1.6962) -0.6805***(-5.0723) -0.2219(-1.2873) -0.0275(-0.1691) -1.2525***(-4.5781) -0.2457**(-2.0928)
α -0.0115***(-3.3752) -0.0070**(-2.4173) 0.1453**(2.4297) -0.0743**(-2.1615) 0.0948*(1.6927) 0.0123(0.3605)
φ1 -0.2593**(-1.9888) 0.8614***(3.9183) 1.8352(0.9914) -1.4771(-0.6751) 9.9305**(2.2148) 0.2866(0.2362)
φ2 0.0080(1.6079) 0.0176**(2.2726) -0.0031(-0.0390) 0.1161(1.7832) -0.4636*(-1.7377) -0.0092(-0.2434)
φ3 -0.2633(-1.0137) -0.7711(-1.0434) 5.9980(1.3167) 1.3742(0.4788) 0.5949(0.0645) 5.1284*(1.6774)
Adj-R2 0.2373 0.2910 0.2140 0.2587 0.5105 0.0804
F检验 3.6138** 3.3227** 2.4614* 2.7453** 3.4336** 1.9746*
DW检验 2.1564 1.9097 1.9608 2.1733 2.0836 2.1967
  模型III-1和模型III-2的检验结果(τ=0)
模型参数 日内时间窗口 日间时间窗口
S_Price S_Turnrate S_Trdvol S_Price S_Turnrate S_Trdvol
β1 0.9758***(127.9304) 0.4708***(55.2554) 0.2084***(23.6092) 0.9845***(157.4324) 0.4707***(57.3960) 0.4627***(25.4147)
β2 0.0105(1.0808) 0.0088(0.9611) 0.1656***(18.2184) 0.0081(0.9326) 0.0321***(3.5926) 0.1392***(5.4947)
β3 -0.1416***(-16.1052) 0.2662***(31.1766) 0.2222***(25.2909) -0.0211**(-2.4326) 0.1660***(18.5293) 0.0881***(3.8828)
β4 0.1453***(22.3432) -0.1478***(-18.8960) 0.1428***(15.8484) -0.0082(-1.3292) 0.0193**(2.3537) 0.0566***(3.6867)
α0 -0.2280***(-3.8408) 0.4975**(2.4455) -0.6131(-1.2443) -0.0044(-1.0736) 0.7090***(4.0463) 0.2852***(3.0739)
α1 -0.0534(-1.3081) -0.2204(-1.5752) -1.1163***(-3.2943) -0.0050**(-2.1971) 0.2936***(2.9746) 0.1147**(2.1422)
α2 0.0762*(1.8167) -0.2455*(-1.7066) -0.5292(-1.5191) -0.0051**(-2.4429) -0.0028(-0.0317) -0.0065(-0.1438)
α3 0.1609***(2.6952) 0.4222**(2.0629) 1.1480**(2.3164) -0.0047*(-1.9280) -0.1805*(-1.7136) -0.0786(-1.5652)
α4 -0.0037(-1.5844) -0.2392**(-2.3738) -0.1016**(-2.1267)
α5 -0.0021(-1.3809) -0.1790***(-2.6887) -0.0753**(-2.3853)
φ1 0.0083(0.4348) -0.2895***(-4.3808) 0.0692(0.4361) 0.4615***(105.2908) -0.2785***(-4.6535) 0.2543***(5.3329)
φ2 -0.0003***(-6.8114) 0.0001(0.5784) -0.0007**(-1.9755) -0.0001(-0.6924) -0.0001(-0.6070) -0.0001(-0.5329)
φ4 -0.0320(-0.6411) -1.3355***(-7.6351) -0.6839*(-1.6714) -0.0189***(-4.7210) -0.7591***(-4.6478) -0.4113**(-2.2898)
Adj-R2 0.9692 0.6480 0.4360 0.9893 0.6739 0.8827
F检验 1925.0570*** 113.5124*** 48.2358*** 10280.110*** 136.7012*** 489.0216***
DW检验 1.9374 2.0624 2.0832 1.9109 2.0228 1.9674
  模型IV的检验结果
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