[Objective] This paper reviews the development of research on “obliteration by incorporation”, which re-examines the essence of “citation”. [Coverage] We searched “obliteration by incorporation”, “OBI”, “knowledge diffusion” and “knowledge obsolescence” with Web of Science, Google Scholar and CNKI, and retrieved a total of 72 representative literature. [Methods] We examined the phenomenon of “obliteration by incorporation” from the perspectives of knowledge production, knowledge diffusion and knowledge obsolescence. [Results] The knowledge contribution and academic value of the obliteration by incorporation cannot be reflected by citations, which did not adequately reflect knowledge diffusion. [Limitations] More research is needed to explore the measurements of the OBI phenomenon. [Conclusions] The phenomenon of “obliteration by incorporation” was observed half a century ago but did not receive sufficient attention. The scientometrics community should re-examine the essence of citations based on the phenomenon of “obliteration by incorporation”.
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