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数据分析与知识发现  2021, Vol. 5 Issue (2): 50-60     https://doi.org/10.11925/infotech.2096-3467.2020.0060
  研究论文 本期目录 | 过刊浏览 | 高级检索 |
基于短语表示学习的主题识别及其表征词抽取方法研究
张金柱1,2(),于文倩1
1南京理工大学经济管理学院 南京 210094
2江苏省社会公共安全科技协同创新中心 南京 210094
Topic Recognition and Key-Phrase Extraction with Phrase Representation Learning
Zhang Jinzhu1,2(),Yu Wenqian1
1School of Economics and Management, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
2Jiangsu Province Social Public Safety Science and Technology Collaborative Innovation Center, Nanjing 210094, China
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摘要 

【目的】 从更具专指性和表征能力的短语语义表示角度,设计基于短语表示学习的主题识别及其表征词抽取方法。【方法】 基于依存句法分析抽取短语构建短语序列,并将短语序列视作词序列,将用于词表示的表示学习模型扩展形成短语表示学习模型,得到短语的语义向量表示,并结合向量聚类方法形成短语语义表示视角下的主题识别方法;将短语以及根据聚类得到的对应主题类别号作为一个整体构建短语主题序列,设计形成主题短语向量表示模型,实现主题和短语在同一向量空间的语义表示并计算相似度,从短语语义角度抽取与主题内容相关的短语作为主题表征词。【结果】 与LDA模型相比,主题间平均相似度最多降低了0.27,主题识别结果区分度更高;抽取的表征词与主题语义相关,具有专指性和辨识度,结果可读性和解释性更强。【局限】 需要在不同领域及不同数据集上进一步验证该方法的有效性。【结论】 所提方法在研究主题识别及其表征词抽取方面具有更好的效果,并可扩展应用到其他领域。

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张金柱
于文倩
关键词 主题识别主题表征词表示学习语义向量    
Abstract

[Objective] This paper designs a topic recognition and key-phrase extraction method based on phrase representation learning,aiming to address this issue from more specific perspective. [Methods] First, we constructed sequence for extracted phrases with dependency syntax analysis. Then, we modified the word representation learning model to process the phrase semantic vectors. Third, we developed topic recognition method based on the vector clustering technique. Fourth, we constructed the sequence of phrase topics with the phrases and the corresponding topic category numbers. Finally, we proposed a Topic-Phrase to Vector (TP2Vec) model to extract topic related phrases. [Results] Compared with the LDA model, the average similarity among topics of the proposed model was reduced by up-to 0.27. The extracted representative words were semantically related to the topics, and the results were more readable and interpretable. [Limitations] More research is needed to examine the proposed method with data sets from other fields. [Conclusions] The proposed method could effectively identify research topics and related phrases, which might be applied to other fields.

Key wordsTopic Recognition    Topic Key-Phrase    Representation Learning    Semantic Vector
收稿日期: 2020-01-15      出版日期: 2021-03-11
ZTFLH:  G350  
基金资助:*国家自然科学基金项目(71974095);江苏省社会科学基金项目(17TQC003);国家自然科学基金青年项目(71503125)
通讯作者: 张金柱 ORCID:0000-0001-7581-1850     E-mail: zhangjinzhu@njust.edu.cn
引用本文:   
张金柱, 于文倩. 基于短语表示学习的主题识别及其表征词抽取方法研究[J]. 数据分析与知识发现, 2021, 5(2): 50-60.
Zhang Jinzhu, Yu Wenqian. Topic Recognition and Key-Phrase Extraction with Phrase Representation Learning. Data Analysis and Knowledge Discovery, 2021, 5(2): 50-60.
链接本文:  
https://manu44.magtech.com.cn/Jwk_infotech_wk3/CN/10.11925/infotech.2096-3467.2020.0060      或      https://manu44.magtech.com.cn/Jwk_infotech_wk3/CN/Y2021/V5/I2/50
Fig.1  短语序列生成
Fig.2  TP2Vec模型的表示
Fig.3  K-Means聚类及可视化
类名 词数量 高频表征词示例
Cluster1 1 208 web internet data social science information science
Cluster2 1 046 public library scientometric analysis paper analysis paper study comparative study
Cluster3 887 scientific field scientific literature scientific collaboration computer science scientific research
Cluster4 774 IR search engine information system WOS information retrieval system
Cluster5 610 natural science bibliometric academic research scientific discipline SSCI
Table 1  K-Means聚类结果
模型 主题号 主题表征词
LDA Topic1 network analysis technology knowledge method
Topic2 citation journal paper article patent
Topic3 study search system user result
Topic4 science country publication paper collaboration
Topic5 document system retrieval method model
TP2Vec Topic1 information science library science Lotka’s law Zipf’s law Bradford’s law
Topic2 natural language process similarity measure relation extraction SVM K-Means
Topic3 scientific community collaboration network scientific communication collaboration pattern co-authorship network
Topic4 information retrieval search engine information retrieval system retrieval performance search tactics
Topic5 bibliometric analysis impact factor webometrics h-index citation analysis
Table 2  LDA与TP2Vec主题表征词语比较
Fig.4  LDA与TP2Vec主题表征词语可视化
模型 前10 前20 前30 前40 前50 前60 前70 前80 前90 前100
LDA 0.310 0.400 0.427 0.461 0.474 0.481 0.480 0.496 0.515 0.533
TP2Vec 0.100 0.128 0.195 0.245 0.267 0.307 0.308 0.316 0.325 0.378
Table 3  主题间平均相似度随主题表征词语数量变化情况
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