[Objective] This study explores the relationship between interdisciplinarity and individual academic impacts, aiming to promote the development of interdisciplinary research. [Methods] First, we retrieved 69,759 researchers from the Semantic Scholar database. Then, we used the Brillouin index to analyze their interdisciplinarity based on citation, publication, and collaboration. Finally, we applied the generalized propensity value matching method to examine the causal effect of interdisciplinarity on individual academic influence. [Results] For interdisciplinary citations, the publication number and h-index of researchers increased with the rise of multi-disciplinary citations. They surpassed the critical points (1.5 and 0.05) before subsequently declining. However, interdisciplinary citation does not impact the average citation number per paper. For interdisciplinary publications, as researchers published across more disciplines, the publication number and h-index showed an upward trend, while the average citation per paper showed an oscillatory increase. For interdisciplinary collaboration, the publication number of researchers steadily increases with the growth of interdisciplinary collaboration, albeit with a gradually diminishing rate of increase. However, interdisciplinary collaboration did not influence the h-index or average citation per paper. [Limitations] The study did not include the weighting of each dimension in the measurement indicators or establish an evaluative framework for a comprehensive interdisciplinary index encompassing all three dimensions. [Conclusions] Engaging in interdisciplinary research can conditionally enhance the academic impact of researchers, while different evaluation dimensions yield various results.
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