[Objective] This paper constructs a deep learning model for automatic word segmentation and part-of-speech (POS) tagging of ancient literature, aiming to build an automatic annotation solution for Chinese books from multiple fields. [Methods] We used 25 Pre-Qin literature as training corpus, which covers the Confucian classics, history, philosophy and miscellaneous works. Then, we constructed a unified model with BERT for word segmentation and POS tagging without adding new features. Third, we examined our model with The Records of the Grand Historian, which was not included in the training corpus. Finally, we analyzed the four basic parts constituting historical events (names, locations, time, actions) with statistics and case studies. [Results] The proposed model’s F-score for word segmentation and the POS-tagging reached 95.98% and 88.97%. [Limitations] After analyzing the confusion heat map of POS tagging, it is found that the mislabeling, which is caused by the imbalanced part-of-speech distribution, the similar syntactic features of some parts of speech instances, and the multi-category words, needs further research and resolutions. [Conclusions] Our deep learning model is stable and applicable for word segmentation and POS tagging with Pre-Qin literature.